The Levels of Processing Theory by Fergus M Craik Essay

Memory can be defined as the mental system for receiving, encoding, storing, organising, altering and retrieving information (Coon Mitterer, 2012). Many a time one is able to remember something, example how to drive a car, yet they are unable to remember a mathematical formula for an examination. People vary in their ability to remember certain things, and research conducted has proven that even infants differ in their memory abilities (Fagan Singer, 1963). It was discovered by psychologists that memory is not static, but rather it is influenced by ones internal factors and situational happenings to a large effect (Huffman, Vernoy Vernoy, 1997). This essay will attempt to discover which method of study is most suitable, by listing†¦show more content†¦Whereas deep processing comprises of the focus on the meaning of what is being noticed, as well as relating the item to something else (Goldstein, 2008). It is worth noting that although all levels of processing produces som e memory, Craik and Lockhart stated that the deeper the level reached, the stronger ones memory will be (Kretch., et al, 1982). This is because a deeper analysis of meaning enables one to remember information better, due to it being stored in the long term memory very efficiently (Huffman, Vernoy Vernoy, 1997). The linking of new information with existing memories as well as knowledge is known as elaborative encoding (Coon Mitterer, 2012). This is carried out through rehearsal. It is stated that the more something is rehearsed, the easier it is for it to be recognized (Hoeksema., et al, 2009). Through rehearsal, information is integrated with what one already knows, thus making it more memorable (Sternberg Sternberg, 2012). Elaboration is a vital part of studying effectively. This is the factor that enables material to be stored into long term memory (Goldstein, 2008). If new information is linked to information that was previously already stored in the long term memory, through elaboration, it becomes increasing easier for one to remember the new information (Coon Mitterer, 2008). Thus when one studies something that he is already familiar with heShow MoreRelatedThe Original General Model Of Memory Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesThe original general model of memory was proposed by Rich ard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. The Attkinson-Shiffrin theory of human memory states that human memory can be classified into three components: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory (Atkinson, Shiffrin, 1968). Sensory memory is where sensory information is brought into memory and maintained by the senses. For instance, when a person perceives an environmental stimulus for a short time before it fades, the objectRead MorePaths Of Bilingual Language Processing Through Phonological Activation1785 Words   |  8 PagesBilingual Language Processing Through Phonological Activation Jayshawn L. Anderson Case Western Reserve University Abstract The proposed study aims to show how bilingual individuals access their native language while reading, speaking, or listening in other language of than their native tongue—commonly referred to as the secondary language. It is unknown what type of whether bilinguals retrieve the spelling or sound of a word when processing language a theirRead MoreWho Are You Calling Old? Negotiating Old Age Identity in the Elderly Consumption Ensemble Michelle Barnhart Àà º Lisa Penaloza18943 Words   |  76 PagesCorvallis, OR 97331 (michelle.barnhart@bus.oregonstate.edu). Lisa Penaloza is professor of ËÅ" marketing, Bordeaux Management School, 680 Cours de la Liberation, 33405 Talence Cedex, France (lisa.penaloza@bem.edu), and advisor, Center for Consumer Culture Theory (3CT), Stockholm University School of Business, Sweden. This research was part of the lead author’s PhD dissertation at the David Eccles School of Business at the University of Utah. The authors would like to than k the members of the lead author’s

Prenatal Care in Early 20th Century Kansas Essay - 3464 Words

Prenatal care is an important part of insuring the wellness of a baby. In the early 20th century, prenatal care was just starting to become an emphasized area of health for women. High infant mortality rates were starting to raise questions as to what could be done to help protect the fetus and insure a healthy childbirth and baby. Kansas attempted to raise awareness of the importance of prenatal care to the general public starting in the early 1900s with â€Å"The Kansas Mother’s Manual.† Many women in Kansas followed the guidelines issued within the handbooks, lectures, and posters. Yet, the women in the Southeast Kansas coal mining towns were disadvantaged when it came to prenatal care and childbirth. Infant mortality rates were quite high†¦show more content†¦One state of main focus was that of Kansas. In the Bulletin of the Kansas State Board of Health, articles began to pop up that talked about prenatal care, as well as child care in general. A huge emp hasis was put on topics such as sanitation, nutrition, rest, and physician care. These bulletins were sent out to Kansas residents, as well as made available in other means such as libraries. Families in the Southeast Kansas coal mining towns are more likely to have lacked resources to be able to receive the bulletin, therefore receiving less information about the importance of prenatal care. Another barrier is that the bulletin was printed in English and many of the miners were non-English speaking immigrants. As a result, immigrant women in the area were misinformed about prenatal care and childbirth. In addition, due to the early years of the 1900s, it is likely that many of the women could not read, once again resulting in misinformation. As it became more obvious that the infant mortality rates in Kansas were a major concern, more documents, pamphlets, and public awareness was created. The state of Kansas put programs into full effect in the hopes of decreasing the infant morta lity rates in Kansas (see map 1.1 and 1.2 for infant mortality rates in 1913 and 1915). When looking at the infant mortality rates, a special consideration must be accounted forShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues of Wrongful Conception2854 Words   |  11 PagesWrongful Conception: Legal and Ethical Controversies Although wrongful life lawsuits have never been successful, wrongful birth and wrongful conception lawsuits are permitted in many states when the parents sue physicians, hospitals or other health care providers for the birth of an unwanted handicapped child. Pregnant women can also sue if their pregnancies were not detected or if birth control and sterilization procedures were defective. In these cases, they can collect medical costs but not theRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 Pagespertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and techno logy with theRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 PagesThus, with their perspective, there is recognition of the importance of having superior human resources. There is little doubt that organizations will need to invest heavily in their human resources in order to be competitive during the twenty-first century. Management scholar Edward Lawler has described these investment requirements as follows: To be competitive, organizations in many industries must have highly skilled, knowledgeable workers. They must also have a relatively stable labor force since

Risk Assessment and Critical Incident Report

Question: Discuss about the Risk Assessment and Critical Incident Report. Answer: Introduction The report consists of drafting a recreation program for the Ballimore Community Center. The program includes four different center-based activities followed by two excursions and two night camp which will be in the village or to the outskirts of the city. Under which, excursion includes two activities one to the movie and another beach. The holiday should be planned according to the profile of the client, requirement, like and dislike, ethical consideration and interest. The Plan should also involve the incidence, which has already occurred. Looking to the factor i.e., health, work culture and safety of the people participating in the camp. Details for assessing equity principles to the holiday activities The first client named is Ben. Mr. Ben shows interest in attending the centre from more than 2 years. However, according to equity principles he also has some access issues because of his cerebral palsy. All clients will be treated it and this is why centre needs to take into consideration problem faced by Ben and he needs stick to walk at places. This particular recreation programs needs to take proper care of Mr. Ben and avoid visiting to rural places due to discomfort for that person. This program is arranged by Ballimore Community Center and should make effort to meet the needs of the potential clients at the same time. The next client is Ella and Assi. These are two of the young women worked for the Hub educational programs. This recreation program should take proper steps so that they can provide safety to the women. Parents are the real issue for the young women just because parents feel that centre would be rude and reluctant towards women. Joanne agrees to go for the camp but suffers from asthma. This recreation programs should make Joanne comfortable and engage her in all the activities as planned by them. Adam and Smith show their interest to work in the welfare sector as mentor. This initiative by the young men will help recreation programs to get constant support and energetic working people who show interest in serving other people needs. Tony is other client who shows interest to attend in the recreation programs. He has some anger management issues that require proper attention by the recreation managers. It is important to understand the fact that Tony shows interest in working for other unique culture in the most appropriate way. The above-mentioned clients should be given utmost attention as each of them carries some unique personalities as well as issues. It should be handled with care and make effort in collaborating with equity principles to holiday activities. Conclusion: The holiday plan is made looking to the work culture, health habit and security of the participants. The holiday plan with excursion and going to the rural areas the details of the plan for the mentioned profile are given below: Ben and Joanne should go for the Movie sector, because as it does not involve any risk. Ella and Assi should go for the beach plan. Adam, Simon and Tony are the young people and go for the excursion in the rural areas. Bibliography: 8-step plan for heart-healthy holiday dinners. (2013).Harvard Health Publications. Harvard Heart Letter, Bell, J. (2016). Over the counter: A plan for a healthy holiday.PS Post Script, (Jul 2016), 30. Calif.'s island hotel newport beach plans holiday shopping overnight. (2015).Travel Weekly,74(44), 41. Fotis, J., Buhalis, D., Rossides, N. (2012). Social Media Impact on Holiday Travel Planning: The Case of the Russian.Transdisciplinary Marketing Concepts and Emergent Methods for Virtual Environments,1, 1-19. Jones, S. E. (2016). Pre-holiday Anomaly: Examining the pre-holiday effect around Martin Luther King Jr. Day. vlkov, h., durjoni, m. (2014). the role of preschool education and holiday family program on motor skills and heatlh variables development on children with autism spectrum disorder (case studies). Video: Vantage health plan holiday gift guide.. (2013).[Video/DVD] CriticalMention, Inc. Yuan, Y. (2013). Waterfront Holiday Resort Plan: Baise Case.Planners.

Nicholas Sparks Essay Example

Nicholas Sparks Essay The book Dear John by Nicholas Sparks is about a man named John Tyree. He is 23 years old and in the Army. Johns father has Asbergers syndrome and has a life passion of collecting coins. While he is home on leave he meets a girl named Savannah. Savannahis 21 years old and is a college student at the University of North Carolina. She is a volunteer for Habitat for Humanity. John and Savannah at Wilmington on the beach. Savannah was hanging out with some friends who also volunteer for Habitat for Humanity. Savannahs purse falls into the ocean and John dives in to save it. After John saves her purse they start talking and become friends. They start hanging out and eventually go out on a date. The relationship grows very fast since John has to return to Germany in a week. Savannah and John get to know each other and the two of them fall in love. They promise to wait for each other since John has one year of service in the Army left before being honorably discharged. September 11 happens and John deciding to be a hero re-enlists for the Army. Savannah understands his motivation of heroism but sadly hurt, she continues to wait for John to be honorably discharged. We will write a custom essay sample on Nicholas Sparks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nicholas Sparks specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nicholas Sparks specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer While John is in the Army and stationed in Germany Savannah and John write letters to each other constantly. Every letter declaring their love for each other. Eventually John notices that their letters come less often and savannah becomes less intimate. Soon he gets the letter he has been dreading. The letter telling him that Savannah has fallen for someone else. John does not respond to Savannahs last letter but instead burns all of the letters from her that he had saved. He decides to put all his efforts into being a good soldier. John re-enlists for the Army again and stays away from his home for 3 more years. Johns father gets sick and John goes home to see him. He tells his dad how much he means and how much John loves him. His father gets out of the hospital and goes home. John goes back to Germany for a bit more time. Then his father dies. He goes home for his fathers funeral and decides to look Savannah up. He finds out she got married to her long time friend, Tim after he was stricken with melanoma. John and Savannah become friends again while Tim is in the hospital. John figures out his true feelings for Savannah. He decides he wants her to be happy and that meant not breaking up her marriage. He donates money anonymously for treatment to save Tims life. The book The Last Song by Nicholas Sparks is about a girl named Ronnie Miller. Ronnie is seventeen years old, a vegetarian, and an animal lover. who is sent by her mother to spend the summer after graduation with her ten-year-old brother, Jonah, visiting her father, Steve. Her father is a former Julliard professor. He divorced Ronnies mother, Kim, three years earlier. He left New York City for his childhood home, Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. Ever since he divorced her mom and moved away Ronnie has refused to talk to him or to play the piano, which was their shared passion and becomes a rebellious clubber. Jonah immediately bonds with Steve over a stained glass window that Steve has been recreating for the local church after the original burned down in a mysterious arson. Ronnie is hostile towards Steve. Ronnie asks Steve to Board up his Piano. Steve boards up his beloved piano and instead pursues his search for Gods presence. He also begins writing a piano composition using a piano owned by the church. Eventually she begins to soften towards him. Steve shows Ronnie a Loggerhead Sea Turtle nest that Jonah found near their home. Ronnie vows to protect the endangered creatures. While watching over the turtle nest she meets an aquarium volunteer named Will. They soon fall in love and spend several beautiful weeks together. Wills mother and his ex-girlfriend attempt to drive Will and Ronnie apart. Wills best friend and beach volleyball partner, Scott is annoyed that Will is not practicing for their upcoming tournament. Marcus continues antagonizing Ronnie and blackmails Will with his knowledge of the secret that Scott was responsible for the church arson. Will and Ronnie also worry about the end of summer. At the end of summer Will is leaving for Vanderbilt University and Ronnie has a shoplifting trial. While dancing at Wills sisters wedding, Ronnie and Will begin to wander away to Wills boat for privacy. They are followed by Marcus. Marcus instigates Will into a fight which wrecks the wedding reception. Worried that the rich and powerful family will press charges, Marcus decides to raise money to leave town by putting on the most dangerous fire-juggling act the next day, the same day as Wills volleyball tournament. The act begins amazingly but Blaze misses a catch and her shirt catches fire. Her screams and the flames attract the attention of the volleyball tournament crowd, including Ronnie and Will. As they drive Blaze to the hospital, Marcus and his crew run away. Will goes to Bowers Point to seek revenge for Blaze and finds Marcus, Teddy, and Lance around a fire drinking beers. He fights with the three of them and right in the middle of beating up Marcus Ronnie stops Will, telling him Marcus isnt worth ruining his life over. Afterward, Scott accuses Will of ruining his life and Will walks out, telling Scott he needs to reveal the truth behind what he has done. Ronnie takes Steve to see them install the stained-glass window in the church when construction resumed because the Blakelees decide to anonymously fund the rebuilding of the church. Following Steves funeral, Ronnie moves back to New York, auditions for Julliard. Then Will comes back and at moment they kiss. The story is about a guy name logan who finds a photo of a woman while serving a tour in iraq. This picture finds hime good luck so when he gets back home he decides to find her. ll he goes by is the name on the back that says keep safe! E The picture shows the girl with two other guys in a fair with a huge ferris wheel behind it. He sets forth trying to find this mystery woman. He trys to look her up in phone books and does research and narrows it down to North Carolina where he finally finds the woman. He travels with his dog Zeus ( i think g erman shepard) and like a bum he travels while traveling he runs into a cop named Keith who he later finds out is Elizabeth ( the girl hes been looking fors ex husband). Logan teaches Keith a lesson by slashing the police mans tires and I think trashing his camera which Logan caught Keith taking pictures of college co eds nearby at a party house. When Keith goes to talk to the teenagers or whatever logan exchanges a few words with Keith and wanders off and Keith senses that something wrong with this guy. Logan gives a fake name Thibault (actually his last name) to the Keith when he asks for his name so in the story Keith knows logan as Thibault. Keith is a police officer and his dad is like the chief sherrif in town. Logan finally finds where she works at a dog kennel and applies there for a job. At first they think hes kinda weird traveling for so long from far away just to get a fresh start and wants a job here but they soon find him loving and elizabeth soon falls in love with him. She has a son named Ben whos like a genius he must be like 8 or 9 years old and likes to play chess alot! Zeus loves to play with Ben and soon theyre grow trust in Logan. Logan. Oh and elizabeths Nana works like day and night in the kennel too. Nana is always right and has a keen aura that she can sense people like if theyre lying or nice and stuff like that. Soon Logan gets into their life and roads cross where Keith finds out this weirdo is dating his ex wife whom he still has feelings for or wants to bang.. lol. ( in the book he talks about how her body looks good and he would want a friend with benefit thing or something) and Keith finds the dirt on Logan and tells elizabeth about the photo he has of her and how hes hunted her down like some werido stalker. Elizabeth freaks out and tells Logan to get out of her life. Logan however had showed and given the photo to Ben a few chapters before this happend. He just tells ben to keep it and not tell anyone. Oh ben has this secret get away tree house he loves by the lake and goes there to think and play and stuff. Oh Keith is a fake name that Keith Clayton have given to Logan cause he thought he was shady and lied to him. Keith is Bens biological father and was never close to Ben because ben was smart and liked chess while keith always wanted a kid to play catch and football with, so whenever Ben would go to Keiths like every other weekend he would dread it and hate it and just read a book during the time he was there, keith would make him clean the house and stupid stuff like that. After when Elizabeth wants Logan out her life, Keith tries to swoop in and have a relationship with her and she refuses then Keith says that hell try to get full custody over ben if she doesnt date him. This only happens for a chapter then the last chapter Ben is missing and they know hes in the tree house its stormy and the tree house is poorly built and dangerous. In the end Keith dies drowning trying to save Ben. Logan and Elizabeth, Ben and Zeus live together happy in the end. I hope this helps and good luck on your test! Okay so I read this book like a couple months back but have it with me and I will try to make some highlights for you:The story is about a guy name logan who finds a photo of a woman while serving a tour in iraq. This picture finds hime good luck so when he gets back home he decides to find her. all he goes by is the name on the back that says keep safe! E The picture shows the girl with two other guys in a fair with a huge ferris wheel behind it. He sets forth trying to find this mystery woman. He trys to look her up in phone books and does research and narrows it down to North Carolina where he finally finds the woman. He travels with his dog Zeus ( i think german shepard) and like a bum he travels while traveling he runs into a cop named Keith who he later finds out is Elizabeth ( the girl hes been looking fors ex husband). Logan teaches Keith a lesson by slashing the police mans tires and I think trashing his camera which Logan caught Keith taking pictures of college co eds nearby at a party house. When Keith goes to talk to the teenagers or whatever logan exchanges a few words with Keith and wanders off and Keith senses that something wrong with this guy. Logan gives a fake name Thibault (actually his last name) to the Keith when he asks for his name so in the story Keith knows logan as Thibault. Keith is a police officer and his dad is like the chief sherrif in town. Logan finally finds where she works at a dog kennel and applies there for a job. At first they think hes kinda weird traveling for so long from far away just to get a fresh start and wants a job here but they soon find him loving and elizabeth soon falls in love with him. She has a son named Ben whos like a genius he must be like 8 or 9 years old and likes to play chess alot! Zeus loves to play with Ben and soon theyre grow trust in Logan. Logan. Oh and elizabeths Nana works like day and night in the kennel too. Nana is always right and has a keen aura that she can sense people like if theyre lying or nice and stuff like that. Soon Logan gets into their life and roads cross where Keith finds out this weirdo is dating his ex wife whom he still has feelings for or wants to bang.. lol. in the book he talks about how her body looks good and he would want a friend with benefit thing or something) and Keith finds the dirt on Logan and tells elizabeth about the photo he has of her and how hes hunted her down like some werido stalker. Elizabeth freaks out and tells Logan to get out of her life. Logan however had showed and given the photo to Ben a few chapters before this happend. He just tells ben to keep it and not tell anyone. Oh ben has this secret get aw ay tree house he loves by the lake and goes there to think and play and stuff. Oh Keith is a fake name that Keith Clayton have given to Logan cause he thought he was shady and lied to him. Keith is Bens biological father and was never close to Ben because ben was smart and liked chess while keith always wanted a kid to play catch and football with, so whenever Ben would go to Keiths like every other weekend he would dread it and hate it and just read a book during the time he was there, keith would make him clean the house and stupid stuff like that. After when Elizabeth wants Logan out her life, Keith ries to swoop in and have a relationship with her and she refuses then Keith says that hell try to get full custody over ben if she doesnt date him. This only happens for a chapter then the last chapter Ben is missing and they know hes in the tree house its stormy and the tree house is poorly built and dangerous. In the end Keith dies drowning trying to save Ben. Logan and Elizabeth, Ben and Zeus live together happy in the end. I hope this helps and good luck on your test! | |